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| Links: Spirochaetes |
| 1915-Fantham - pictures of spirochetes undergoing granulation (PDF) |
| Pictures of spirochetes undergoing 'granulation' from Fantham HB. Spirochaeta bronchialis, Castellani. 1907, together with Remarks on the Spirochaetes of the Human Mouth. Annals Trop Med and Parasitol (1915) , ix, pp 391-412 + plate XXXIV. |
| Date Added: 15.12.06 |
Visits: 1151 |
| Chronic Lyme Disease |
REMARKS BEFORE THE NYS ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON HEALTH, CHAIRED BY RICHARD GOTTFRIED, ALBANY, NOVEMBER 27, 2001.
by
Kenneth B. Liegner, M.D., P.C.
Internal & Critical Care Medicine Lyme Borreliosis & Related Disorders
8 Barnard Road
Armonk, New York 10504
273-2121
"It can be difficult to distinguish Lyme disease from a number of other disorders which it can greatly resemble including rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, lupus, the chronic fatigue syndrome, fibromyalgia, Lou Gehrig's disease, Alzheimer's disease and others.
Many persons who prove to have Lyme disease have no recollection of a tick attachment and estimates varying between 20 and 80% of those with the disease having recollection of the rash associated with the illness. Testing for Lyme disease can sometimes be quite clear cut and conclusive but false positive as well as false negative test results may occur. Thus the treating physician's judgment in making a clinical diagnosis is crucial. Over-reliance on imperfect tests can result in failure to treat true Lyme disease when it is present, which can have disastrous consequences for patients. Patients who test negative on standard tests but who really have the disease (the seronegative subset) may be most ill. There is ample precedent for variable expression of severity in infectious diseases depending on a patient's immune response. In leprosy, for example, patients having a vigorous immune response are able to contain the illness with resultant mild disease. Those with an ineffective immune response have more devastating leprosy, with deformity and loss of appendages.
For the most part, academic medical centers have restricted their studies to the seropositive subset only. |
| Date Added: 15.12.06 |
Visits: 1052 |
| LYME DISEASE: THE SENSIBLE PURSUIT OF ANSWERS |
Kenneth B. Liegner. Journal of Clinical Microbiology, Aug. 1993, p. 1961-1963
Citation:
"Disease is very old and nothing about it has changed.
It is we who change as we learn to recognize what was formerly imperceptible."
-John Martin Charcot, De l'Expectation en Medecine |
| Date Added: 15.12.06 |
Visits: 1268 |
| Lyme Disease and the Clinical Spectrum of Antibiotic Responsive Chronic Meningoencephalomyelitides |
Liegner Kb et al. J Spiro Tick Diseases 4(3):61-73, 1997. These 4 cases demonstrate: 1. Long term seronegativity for borrelia despite longterm symptomatology consistent with borreliosis 2. Repeatedly antibiotic responsive while relapses occurred when treatment was paused or decreased 3. Difficulty in discriminating chronic active Lyme borreliosis from MS (case 4) and lupus (case 1). 4. Severe worsening whenever steroid treatment is used in chronic active Lyme borreliosis. 5. Severe debilitating illness from borreliosis and death following vascular hemorrhage.
This was presented on MedScape in full text but later removed :(((
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| Date Added: 16.12.06 |
Visits: 1044 |
| Lymeinfo.net |
very good reference collections
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| Date Added: 16.12.06 |
Visits: 1193 |
| Microbial Lipopeptides Induce the Production of IL-17 in Th Cells |
Infante-Duarte C et al. J Immunol 2000 Dec 1;165(11):6107-6115. PMID: 11086043
"Thus, IL-17, which has been found in inflammatory lesions (38-41), is induced by microbial stimuli and coexpressed with other proinflammatory cytokines. The failure to down-regulate microbe-induced expression of IL-17 could therefore be one link between infection and autoimmunity. ... IL-17 is coexpressed with TNF-a and GM-CSF, but not with type 1 or 2 cytokines. ... IL-17 does not exert an obvious effect on Th-phenotype development. ... There is ample evidence for IL-17 as a mediator of inflammation in humans. Several studies have detected IL-17-expressing human T cells in inflammatory lesions. Rheumatoid arthritis is the best-characterized example: IL-17 is expressed, secreted, and functional in rheumatoid synovia (38, 39, 55) but not in osteoarthritic synovia (38, 39). ... IL-17 mRNA-expressing cells were found in higher numbers during clinical exacerbations in patients with multiple sclerosis compared with remission, and IL-17 mRNA-expressing MNC were found more frequently in cerebrospinal fluid as compared with peripheral blood in these patients (40). .."
Mentions Borrelia burgdorferiPDF |
| Date Added: 16.12.06 |
Visits: 2043 |
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